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bodyBgs[3] = "/images/banner/s4.jpg"; bodyBgs[4] = "/images/banner/s5.jpg"; var randomBgIndex = Math.round( Math.random() * 4 ); //输出随机的背景图 document.write('<style>.banner{background:url(' + bodyBgs[randomBgIndex] + ') no-repeat 50% bottom}</style>'); //]]> </script> <section> <div class="banner" style="height:160px;"> </div> </section> <!-- 面包屑导航开始 --> <div class="container "> <nav class="sub_menu"> <ol class="breadcrumb"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span> <li><a href="/">网站首页</a></li> <li><a title="技术文章" href="/bethel/NC">技术文章</a></li> <li><a title="数控文章" href="/bethel/news">数控文章</a></li> </ol> </nav> </div> <!--/sub_menu--><!-- 面包屑导航结束 --> <!-- 页面标题开始 --> <div class="title"> <h3><a>基于SEM的可用性需求客观重要度分析<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 页面标题结束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部开始 --> <div class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span style="line-height: 19.45pt; text-indent: 18pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">考虑加工中心用户可用性需求指标体系的特点，构建相应的模型。将7项可用性需求 指标作为内生变量，可靠性需求和维修性需求作为可用性需求模型的一阶因子中的内生潜 变量，可用性需求就是模型中的二阶外生潜变量，建立可用性需求模型，如图</span><span style="line-height: 19.45pt; text-indent: 18pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">3.3</span><span style="line-height: 19.45pt; text-indent: 18pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">所示。</span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.2pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在设定好模型的标准、潜变量和组织架构之后，需要根据所设定的模型进行参数估计， 来判断模型是否合理，如果不合理就需要对模型进行参数调整，直到调整到合适的模型。 本文采用建模软件为</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">AMOS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> 16.0,</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">估计方法为极大似然估计。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 19.2pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">(2) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">参数估计</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.2pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">1) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">数据收集</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">根据图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">所设定的模型结构，本次调查针对机床企业主管、采购人员、维修人员及 操作人员发出问卷115份，回收了 106份问卷，回收率为92%。问卷依然釆用李克特五点 量表法，将可用性需求重要程度划分成“很不重要”、“不很重要”、“一般重要”、“比较重要” 和“很重要”5个评比等级。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">2) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">信度效度分析</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在问卷调查以后，就可以展开信度和效度分析。如果最后计算出的因子负荷系数在标 准的负荷系数范围内，那么表示模型的结构效度是处于合理程度的。《值在</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.8</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">以上说明 问卷效度很好，具体解释参考第二章。如表</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.7</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">是模型的结构效度和信度的检验情况。从 该表不难发现，各检验结果都可以达到衡量标准，所以得知此模型的信度和效度良好。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle20" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">表</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.7</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">指标体系因子分析</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse:collapse; width:481.4500pt; mso-table-layout-alt:fixed; mso-padding-alt:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ; "> <tbody> <tr style="height:24.5000pt; "> <td width="156" valign="center" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">第二层指标</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="center" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">第三层指标</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="center" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">因子负荷</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="center" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">«值</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:22.3000pt; "> <td width="156" valign="bottom" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">可靠性需求</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="center" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">MTBF</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="center" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.834</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:12.2500pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="top" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">精度保持性</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="top" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.912</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:17.7500pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="bottom" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">故障诊断</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="bottom" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.842</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:17.5000pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="bottom" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">维修难易程度</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="bottom" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.722</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="bottom" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.837</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:18.7000pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">维修性需求</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="top" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">符合维修的人机环工程要求</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="top" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.834</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:17.0500pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="bottom" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">维修费用</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="bottom" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.586</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:16.5500pt; "> <td width="156" valign="top" style="width: 117.6pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> <td width="262" valign="top" style="width: 196.8pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">维修时间</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="131" valign="top" style="width: 98.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.673</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="90" valign="top" style="width: 68.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.7pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">3) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">基于</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">SEM</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">的二阶验证性因子分析</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.7pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">通过</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">AMOS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">软件，分析数据的二阶验证性因子，得到可用性需求指标模型的标准化 参数图，也即结构方程路径图，如图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">所示。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">(3) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">模型拟合</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">AMOS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">中一般采用极大似然法估计其中的各类参数，并通过拟合参数的数值来判 定拟合程度的优劣。观察表</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.8</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">可看到，</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">CMIN</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">/</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">DF</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">=2.146</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">小于3, </span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">P</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">值小于</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.05, </span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">AGFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">、 </span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">NFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">、</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">CFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">和</span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">IFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">均接近或大于</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.9, </span><span class="17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">RMSEA</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">低于</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.08,</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">因此各项拟合指标值表明模型与样</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">本数据的拟合度很好，基于这些指数与相关理论，可以认定此次设计的模型拟合优度良好。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle20" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">表</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.8</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;">模型的拟合度检验</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse:collapse; width:477.3000pt; mso-table-layout-alt:fixed; mso-padding-alt:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ; "> <tbody> <tr style="height:28.1000pt; "> <td width="80" valign="center" style="width: 60pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">指标</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="93" valign="center" style="width: 70.3pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">CMIN/DF</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="58" valign="center" style="width: 43.7pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">P</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="center" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">CFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="57" valign="center" style="width: 43.2pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">GFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="82" valign="center" style="width: 61.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">RMSEA</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="center" style="width: 50.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">AGFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="center" style="width: 49.2pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">NFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="center" style="width: 49.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">IFI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:28.1000pt; "> <td width="80" valign="center" style="width: 60pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="18" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-size: 9pt;">指标值</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="93" valign="center" style="width: 70.3pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">2.146</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="58" valign="center" style="width: 43.7pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.01</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="center" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.947</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="57" valign="center" style="width: 43.2pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.93</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="82" valign="center" style="width: 61.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.07</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="center" style="width: 50.15pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.85</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="center" style="width: 49.2pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.907</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="center" style="width: 49.9pt; padding: 0pt 5.4pt; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 9.5pt;"><span class="15" style="font-family: Constantia; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.948</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">(4) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">评价模型结构参数</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">从上表3.8,不难得出各拟合指标都可以达到预期的要求，所有数据都处于较好水平， 这也意味着建立可用性需求指标模型得到了较好的数据支持。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 11pt;">(5) </span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">客观重要度计算</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle19" style="margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 19.45pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">通过图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">可以看出，结构方程模型一方面导出了每个测量变量对潜变量的影响路径 系数，同时也导出了每个一阶因子对二阶因子的路径影响系数，对这些路径系数进行归一 化后便得到相关变量的权重系数</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">（</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">田飞，</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">2007)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">。本文结合路径分析法借助路径系数计算 结果对可用性需求指标进行赋权，从指标解释的功能性角度确定指标权重，以阐述各变量 之间的相对重要程度。按照该方法，所得到的指标权重值通常会随着评价指标与评价范围 的调整而发生调整，因此该方法是一种动态分析法，实用性较强。具体计算如下：</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">客观重要度的归一化方法。把所有分类指标的路径系数相加，所有指标与该路径 系数总和相除，以取得权重值。例如：可靠性需求、维修性需求的重要度各为：</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.628, </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.935, 则归一化后二者重要度各为</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.4, </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">0.6。同样，还可以计算各个指标相对重要度。</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">具体指标客观重要度的计算方法。第一层归一化后指标的重要度与第二层每个观 测变量归一化后的指标重要度做乘法，就可以得到每个具体指标的重要度。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文采摘自“基于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt">QFD</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的加工中心可用性保障技术研究”，因为编辑困难导致有些函数、表格、图片、内容无法显示，有需要者可以在网络中查找相关文章！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文由伯特利数控整理发表文章均来自网络仅供学习参考，转载请注明！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">相关内容可查阅：主页（</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><a href="http://www.bethel-cnc.com/"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">加工中心</span></a></span></b><span 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