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lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">术运算、逻辑运算和函数混合运算。此外宏程序还提供了循环语句、分支语句</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">条件判断语句</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，这样使程序更加灵活、快捷，从而提高加工效率。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">2.1</span></b><b><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">宏变量</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">普通加工程序只能描述一个几何形状，直接用数值指定移动距离</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">数控系统提供了另一种编程方式—宏编程，在程序中使用变量，通过对变量进行赋值、算术运算、逻辑运算和函数的混合运算及使用各种条件转移命令的处理方法达到程序功能，这种有变量的程序叫宏程序。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> 1.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">变量的表示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在华中数控系统中变量用“</span><span lang="EN-US">#</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">”和紧跟其后的变量序号来表示</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938508045.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> 3.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">变量的类型</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">变量分为公共变量和系统变量。公共变量，包括局部变量和全局变量，用户可以单独使用，系统作为处理资料的一部分。系统变量，用于系统内部运算时各种数据的存储。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> 1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">）公共变量</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">局部变量</span><span lang="EN-US">:ao</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US">##49</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">是在宏程序中局部使用的变量，用于存放宏程序中的数据，断电时丢失为空。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">全局变量</span><span lang="EN-US">:#so</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US">##199</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">，它对于由主程序调用的各子程序及各宏程序来说是可以公用的，可以人工赋值，有断电为空与断电记忆两种。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938865995.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938867202.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938865524.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938864609.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/1409993886361.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099938862859.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/1409993886269.jpg" alt="" /><!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">系统变量能获取包含在机</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">床处理器或</span><span lang="EN-US">NC</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">内存中的只读或读</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">写信息，包括机床处理器有</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">关的交换参数、机床状态获取参数，加工参数等系统信息</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> HNC:-21M</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">子程序嵌套调川的深度最多可以有九层，每一层子程序都有自已独立的局部变一量</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">变量个数为</span><span lang="EN-US">50 )</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">当前局部变一量为</span><span lang="EN-US">#0 - #49</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">，第零层局部变策为</span><span lang="EN-US">#200</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US">#249</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，第一层局部变量为</span><span lang="EN-US">#250</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US">#299</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">，第二层局部变最</span><span lang="EN-US">#300</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US">#349</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，依此类推，</span><span lang="EN-US">..</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><br /> <!--[endif]--></span><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099939092574.jpg" alt="" /><img src="/upload/images/201409/14099939059341.jpg" alt="" /><!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2. 4</span><span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">语句表达式</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><st1:chsdate year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">2. 4.1</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">赋值语句</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">赋值是指将一个常数、表达式的值送给一个宏变量。例如</span><span lang="EN-US">#1=o</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，则表示</span><span lang="EN-US">#1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的值是</span><span lang="EN-US">0</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。其中</span><span lang="EN-US">#1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">代表变量，“</span><span lang="EN-US">#</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">’’是变量符号</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">注意</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">根据数控系统的不同，它的表示方法可能有差别</span><span lang="EN-US">),o</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">就是给变量</span><span lang="EN-US">#1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">赋的值。这里的“</span><span lang="EN-US">=</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">”是赋值符号，起语句定义作用。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">赋值规律</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> (1)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">赋值号“</span><span lang="EN-US">=</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">”两边内容不能随意互换，左边只能是变量</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">右边可以是表达式、数值、或变量。例如</span><span lang="EN-US">:#2 = 20*cos [60*PI/180]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">，</span><span lang="EN-US">#10=100, #1 =#1+1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> (2)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一个赋值语句只能给一个变量赋值。例如</span><span lang="EN-US">:#3=100</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> (3)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">可以多次给一个变量赋值，新变量取代原变量</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">即最后赋的值生效</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> (4)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">赋值语句具有运算功能，它的一般式为</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">变量</span><span lang="EN-US">=</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">表达式。例如</span><span lang="EN-US">:#7=20 'COS[75*PI/180</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> (5)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">赋值表达式的运算顺序与数学运算顺序相同。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;line-height:13.5pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">本文由</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family: 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href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B' target='_blank'>编程</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E6%95%B0%E6%8E%A7%E6%9C%BA%E5%BA%8A' target='_blank'>数控机床</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E4%BB%BF%E7%9C%9F' target='_blank'>仿真</a> <small>相关内容</small></a></h3> <p></p> <span>——</span> </div> <!-- 页面标题结束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <div class="container list-container"> <!-- 内容列表开始 --> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>05</span> <p>2024-11</p> </div> <h4><a title="ＵＧ的ＸＺＣ车铣复合中心后处理构建技术" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2925.html" target="_blank">ＵＧ的ＸＺＣ车铣复合中心后处理构建技术</a></h4> <p>结 合 车铣复合加工中心说明书，应 用ＵＧ软 件ＰｏｓｔＢｕｉｌｄｅｒ开发 了ＸＺＣ类 机 床 后 置 处 理，能 够 快 捷 实 现ＵＧ自动 编 程 中 车、铣、孔等操作的程序后处理，文 中 对 后处 理 创 建 从 初 始 化 运 动、运 动 前 设 置、机 床 运 动 前、… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2925.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>04</span> <p>2024-11</p> </div> <h4><a title="五轴加工中心后处理算法研究和验证" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2877.html" target="_blank">五轴加工中心后处理算法研究和验证</a></h4> <p>本文通过对五轴加工中心的三种类型的结构特点进行具体的运动分析，建立了数学模型推导出各类机床的后置处理算法。并通过UG NX进行建模并进行后处理与算法得到的后处理数据进行对比，证明了文中算法的正确性。通过所推导的数学公式得知，坐标的角度变换与转台的转动相关。所推导的数学模型为最基础… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2877.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>04</span> <p>2024-11</p> </div> <h4><a title="五轴刀具切削加工误差非线性插补" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2871.html" target="_blank">五轴刀具切削加工误差非线性插补</a></h4> <p>为了提高五轴加工中心的刀具加工精度，本文提出了五轴联动数控刀具切削加工误差非线性插补方法。根据五轴联动数控刀具工作原理，分析误差产生原因，利用误差非线性插补方法，实现误差插补。实验结果表明：利用该方法进行误差插补后，机床刀具运行轨迹与理想插补轨迹贴合度高，且插补后误差明显减小，可… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2871.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>04</span> <p>2024-11</p> </div> <h4><a title="五轴加工中心后处理器仿真与优化" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-2864.html" target="_blank">五轴加工中心后处理器仿真与优化</a></h4> 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